Police Organization of Maharashtra

Introduction

The maintenance of law and order and the prevention and detection of crime are the main functions of the Police. They also perform several other important functions such as prevention of offences, prosecution of criminals, escorting and guarding of prisoners, Govt. treasuries and private or public property, verification of character and antecedents etc. Besides this, Police have also to play a role in the implementation of several socio-economic legislations.

These functions are discharged through a Police Force of 229962 which consist of 21291 officers and 208671 men as on 30.09.2022. The control and powers of administration of the Police Force are vested in the Director General and Inspector General of Police having his Headquarter in Mumbai. He is responsible for the internal economy, general training and discipline of the Police Force as well as for its efficient functioning. The burden of the work is shared between the Director General of Police and Inspector General of Police and Six Addl. Directors General of Police.

The Director General of Police is the executive & administrative Head of the Police Department of Maharashtra State. Under his control, there are Eleven posts of

1. Addl. Director General of Police (L & O)
2. Addl. Director General of Police (Admin)
3. Addl. Director General of Police (Establishment)
4. Addl. Director General of Police (P & C)
5. Addl. Director General of Police (Provisions)
6. Addl. Director General of Police (EOW)
7. Spl. Inspector General of Police (L & O)
8. Spl. Inspector General of Police (Admin)
9. Spl. Inspector General of Police (Establishment)
10. Spl. Inspector General of Police (P.C.R.)
11. Asst. Inspector General of Police (Dakshata)/ (Estt.)/ (Admn.)/ (L & O) / (P & C).

The Police organisation in Maharashtra State, consists of 104 units which include 12 Commissionerates, 1 Criminal Investigation Department, 1 State Intelligence Department, 8 Ranges, 36 Police districts, 4 Railway Police districts, 01 to 16 & 18,19 State Reserve Police Force Groups, 1 Motor Transport Section, 14 Training Institutions and 1 State Police Wireless Wing & 1165 Police stations in State including Mumbai.

Mumbai, Pune, Thane, Nagpur, Nasik, Navi Mumbai, Aurangabad, Solapur, Amravati, Pimpiri Chinchwad, Mira-Bhyandier-Vasai-Virar and Rlys., Mumbai have Police Commissionerates. The Commissioner of Police (Addl.D.G.P/ Spl. I. G. P./D. I. G. P. rank) is incharge of Police Administration such of these cities and also have the powers of District Magistrate.

For administrative purpose, the State is divided into 9 Police Ranges excluding the above Commissionerates Out of these 9 ranges, 7 police ranges have one Special Inspector General of Police each and remaining Gadchiroli Range have one D.I.G.P. Each Range covers 3 to 5 districts. In addition to the 8 Range Spl. Inspector General of Police, there are 19 officers of and above the rank of Deputy Inspector General of Police viz.

1. Director General, Anti Corruption Bureau, M. S., Mumbai.
2. D.G.P., Railways, M. S., Mumbai.
3. D.G.P., Training and Special Units, Mumbai.
4. The Additional Director General of Police, CID, M.S., Pune.
5. The Commissioner, State Intelligence Department (SID), M.S., Mumbai.
6. Addl.D.G.P., S.R.P.F., Maharashtra State, Mumbai.
7. Addl.D.G.P., Anti Naxalite Operations, Nagpur.
8. Addl.D.G.P., Traffic, M.S., Mumbai
9. Addl.D.G.P., Anti Terrorist Squad, Mumbai.
10. Addl. D.G.P., Economy offence Wing, M.S., Mumbai.
11. Addl. D.G.P., Force One, Mumbai.
12. Addl. D.G.P., Protection of Civil Rights, M.S., Mumbai.
13. The Director., Police Wireless, Maharashtra State, Pune.
14. The Director., Maharashtra Police Academy, Nasik.
15. The Spl. Inspector General of Police, State Crime Records Bureau, Pune
16. The Spl. Inspector General of Police, Motor Transport, M.S., Pune.
17. The Spl. Inspector General of Police, S.R.P.F., Nagpur.
18. The Spl. Inspector General of Police, S.R.P.F., Pune.
19. The Spl. Insp. General of police, Maharashtra intelligence Academy, Pune.

After the terrorists attack on Mumbai, Government has decided to create a Commando Force on the basis of N. S. G. Accordingly, on 2nd April 2009, Home department issued G. R. constituting Force One which states that Addl. D. G. P. will be the Unit Head assisted by 1 SP, 3 Dy. SPs, 8 Pls, 13 APIs, 45 PSIS, 07 ASIS, 74 Head Constables, 16 Police Naiks and 256 Police Constables & 26 Clerical Staff total 450 Police Officers / men are sanctioned for Force One Urban Counter Training Academy vide G. R. No.APO-0103/8136/C.R.343/Pol-3, Dtd. 31 December, 2009. At present, Headquarter / Office of the Force One Commando Unit is situated at Goregaon, Mumbai.

In order to control the activities of terrorists speedily and effectively, Anti Terrorist Squad has been created vide G.R.No. SSA-10/03/15/SB-4 Dated 8/7/2004 to deal with the terrorist related matters in the State of Maharashtra under Mumbai Police Commissioner. Under one Joint Commissioner Of Police, Anti Terrorist Squad has been formed. The post of Jt. Commissioner of Police has been upgraded as Additional Director General of Police vide G. R. No. ISS-1009/CR-60/ Special-4, Dtd- 27.7.2009. For this squad up till now 1 Addl. D. G. P., 1 Is.G.P., 1 D.Is.G.P., 4 SSP/DCSP., 10 ACSP., 46 PIs., 67 APIs., 80 PSIS., 11 ASIS., 70 HCs., 216 PNs, & 209 PCs thus total 741 posts have been created. Besides this, 25 posts of Ministerial Staff have been created. A.T.Ss. are working at Nagpur, Aurangabad, Sub Squad Pune, Nashik, Akola and Nanded. The accounts and administrative work of ATS., Mumbai and rest of Maharashtra is being done by Mumbai Head Office.

At present, there are 01to 16 & 18,19 State Reserve Police Force Groups in the State. Total strength of all Groups is 16,643 It consists of 594 officers and 16,049 men. Additional force from these SRPF Groups is provided for performing specific duties in districts.

The Commissioner Of Police, BrihanMumbai is the executive & administrative Head of the Brihan Mumbai Police Force. Under his control, there are five posts of Jt. Commissioners of Police, i.e. Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime), Joint Commissioner of Police (EOW), Joint Commissioner of Police (Admin.), Joint Commissioner of Police (Law & Order), Joint Commissioner of Police (Traffic). There are 11 Additional Commissioners of Police (including five regional Addl.Commissioners of Police), 42 Dy.Commissioners of Police, other subordinate staff consisting of 138 Asstt.Commissioners of Police, 1076 Police Inspectors, 1093 Asstt.Police Inspectors, 3516 Police Sub-Inspectors, 4293 Asstt.Police Sub-Inspectors, 11989 Police Head Constables, 156 Police Naiks, 28939 Police Constables. There are in all 5882 officers and 45377 Policemen. By totaling all these staff is 51259 & Total No. of Ministerial Staff of Class-II, Class-III and Class IV is 1359 +52 Law officers on contract basis.

The Joint Commissioner of Police (Law & Order) & the Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime), The Joint Commissioner of Police (EOW) assists the Commissioner of Police in all functions and responsibilities in maintaining Law & Order. The Joint Commissioner of Police (Administration) is appointed to assist the Commissioner of Police in all administrative matters. The Additional Commissioner of Police (South Region), Additional Commissioner of Police (Central Region), Additional Commissioner of Police (East Region), Additional Commissioner of Police (West Region), Additional Commissioner of Police (North Region) are appointed to assist to the Commissioner of Police in all functions & responsibilities in maintaining Law & Order in Brihan Mumbai. One Additional Commissioner of Police and seven Dy. Commissioners of Police are appointed to assist Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime) in prevention and detection of serious crime and crime of special nature. One Addl. Commissioner of Police and two Dy. Commissioners of Police are appointed for Special Branch-I to prevent unlawful events arising out of political and social movements. In Special Branch-I, two Additional Commissioners of Police and two Dy. Commissioners of Police are appointed for security & protection. One Additional Commissioner of Police and five Dy. Commissioners of Police are created to maintain law & order Brihan Mumbai and to control an Armed Police Force. One Jt. Commissioner of Police, One Additional Commissioner of Police & three Dy. Commissioners of Police are appointed to look into all traffic problems and to implement various plans of traffic in Brihan Mumbai. Two Dy. Commissioners of Police are appointed viz. for Transport section and Wireless section each. Two Dy. Commissioners of Police are appointed in Head Office to supervise office routine work of Head Quarters. The post of Jt. Commissioner of Police (Law & Order) is created to maintain law and order in Brihan Mumbai who is also assisted by Dy. Commissioner of Police (Operation). There is also one Narcotics cell to curb drug activities under the supervision of one Dy. Commissioner of Police. At present, there are 94 Police Stations. These Police Stations are divided into 5 Regions and 13 zones. Each zonal Dy. Commissioner of Police is assisted by Asst. Commissioner of Police and other subordinate staff to maintain law & order in Brihan Mumbai. So as to get sufficient time to concentrate on the work of Law and Order to Jt. Commissioner of Police, Additional Commissioner of Police, Dy. Commissioner of Police, 15 Sr. Administrative Officers and 24 Administrative Officers – class II are appointed to deal with daily administrative work.

Women Police Officers and Constables are appointed to look after the work relating to women criminals. In order to strengthen the internal rapid communication system within the force, 5 more control rooms are constituted. At present, there are 6 control rooms in Brihan Mumbai Police Force which are as under:

1. Main Control Room
2. South Region Control Room
3. Central Region Control Room
4. East Region Control Room
5. West Region Control Room
6. North Region Control

To curb the terrorist’s activities, the Government of Maharashtra has sanctioned 26 Quick Response. Teams. Out of which, 15 Quick Response Teams are deployed in Mumbai. One team consists of 8 Asstt. Inspectors of Police/Police Sub-Inspectors and 48 Policemen.

Crime Investigation Department, M.S. Pune

The Crime Investigation Department, M.S. Pune is important special branch of police department in Maharashtra which is headed by Additional Director General of Police. All crimes which are being investigated by CID are monitored and controlled by special IGP (East), IGP (West), IGP (SCRB), DIG (EOW), DIG (Admin) and SPs controls and monitors the crime prevention, crime investigation and crime detection. Crime investigation department investigates the special and critical cases which are transferred to CID by the High Court, Government of Maharashtra or Director General of Police, Maharashtra State. CID deals with highly sensitive crimes & confidential enquiry under guidance of Govt. of Maharashtra or Director General of Police of Maharashtra state. CID is involved in study of police Administration, Criminology, Misappropriation in co-operative societies, Communal cases & Adulteration of medicine. The Dog Squad of CID has been recently reframed & established at each Commissionrate & Superintendent of Police head quarters for effective control and monitoring.

CID deals with specialized work as follows:

1. Histroy sheeter
2. Border crime special task
3. Publication of Crime intelligence gazette
4. Management of Stat Crime Record Branch
5. Management of Finger Print Bureau
6. Management of State Handwriting & Photography Dept.
7. Management of State Branch
8. Management of Law & research Wing
9. Co-ordination between various department of investigation E.g. Forensic Lab, Post Dept.

Finger Print Bureau:- Maharashtra, Finger Print Bureau was established in 1899 at Pune under the control of State CID M.S. Pune. Apart from Pune there are currently regional Bureaus functioning at Mumbai, Nagpur & Aurangabad, which are engaged in recording and searching finger impression slips of arrested and convicted persons.

In 2016, 45 Mobile Forensic Investigation Vans are allotted to 42 Finger Print district Units except Railway. With the help of this finger print experts visit scenes of crime and Culprits are identified by Chance prints developed or found at scenes of crime.
Out of 293 sanctioned strength 185 finger print officers are working at 4 Bureaus, 7ranges and 42 district units with modern equipments to handle F.P.work for Investigation.

In 2017 Automated Multimodal Bio-Metric Identification System (AMBIS) is approved by the Government of Maharashtra for the computerization of all finger print work. The working process of AMBIS Computerized system started (Go Live) on 13 th May 2022. Ten fingergprints of Convicted and Arrested Accused along with hand palm print, photo and Iris, As well as chance prints (obtained at crime scene) Data is being stored. Currently data digitization work is going on in the four fingerprint bureaus of the state. The digital data of seven lac forty nine thousand has been stored in the said system till 19/10/2022. The said data is increasing day by day.Also the training is being provided to all finger print officers and finger print operators of police stations, project has been implemented at the district and police station level.

Also the National Automated fingerprint Identification system (NAFIS) has been given by the central government to the fingerprint department of Maharashtra from the year 2021. The said system has been provided to four fingerprint Bureaus and forty five district / Commissionerate finger print units. Digitization of records of convicted and arrested accused in finger print bureau is being done. Uses of Finger Prints: Personal Identification of any living or deceased person can be done by means of Finger Print, Such identification is useful for Police Department Banks, Financial Institutions, Court, Military, Passport office, Election Commission, Hospitals etc.

Working of Finger Print Bureau:

1. 1. Maintain records of finger print slips of convicts and arrested persons.
2. Police arrested person some of them have previous punishments for this purpose 10 digit finger print slip of arrested person taken by the police stations and sent to the Finger Print Bureau for Tracing the previous antecedents. This finger print slips known as search slip. If these search is traced, it provide completecriminal antecedents i.e. previous convictions, externment, Absconded person, Modus Operandi etc. to the concerned Investing Officer for getting police custody and to enhance punishment from the court of law.
3. The documents, which are bearing and disputed finger prints are received every year in the Finger PrintBureau from police stations / Courts / Banks Govt./Semi Govt. Officers, military and Private parties with relevant specimen / admitted prints. The F.P. Expert furnish their opinion to the concerned Director / S.P. (Finger Print), Dy. Director/ Dy.S.P. (Finger Print) for scrutiny and final opinion Final opinion is furnished to the concern parties Director / S.P. (Finger Print) Dy. Director/Dy. S.P. (Finger Print) Except Govt. Offices Private parties has charged nominal fee is charged for verification as per rules.
4. Message received from police stations Finger Print Experts visit the crime scene & develop the prints on the articles handled by the culprits, it is called the Chance prints. Finger Prints Expert as prove the physical presence of the accused at scene by mean of chance prints with scientific method of the Courts as scientific evidence.
5. At the seance of crime finger print expert develope the C.P. with modern equipment namely as poliry, cipery gun, Dust print lifter etc.
6. Finger Print Bureau prepare 10 digit finger impression slip of the persons who are going to foreign countries on their demand by taking government fee.

Dog Units :

The state CID 45 Dog Units in the State (Except Mumbai crime, Mumbai protection) to handle each Dog, there are one police Sub-Inspector (Dog Master) and 02 Dog handles of the rank of HC/PC in all, there are 350Dogs in the state CID (All Maharashtra State Dog unit 288 + BDDS units 122=350 Dogs Are Present)

Handwriting and Photographic Bureau, Maharashtra State:

Handwriting and Photographic Bureau render expert Opinion to Police, Honble High Courts, Honble Session Courts, Honble Criminal and civil Courts and Government and semi Government offices. Depertmental Enquiry Etc. By examining problems related to handwriting and documents. There are Four units, one each at Pune, Mumbai, Aurangabad and Nagpur. Pune Bureau undertakes the work of 14 districts and 07 Commissionerates. Mumbai Bureau undertakes the work of examination Greater Mumbai, Aurangabad. Bureau undertakes the work of 09 districts and 01 Commissionerate and Nagpur Bureau undertakes the work of 11 districts of and 2 Commissionerates.

The Bureau accepts cases for verification having the problems of forged signatures, disputed writing, alteration, erasures, identification of typewriter, authorship of anonymous letter, built-up documents, sequences of writings, printed matter, stamp impressions etc.

Document Examiner in this bureaux give Expert Opinion after examination of documents and prove that by Expert Evidences in court of law to assist the H’ble Court in the case.

Photographic section is attached to the handwriting unit at Pune, Mumbai, Aurangabad and Nagpur. The Photographic section shoots photographs of the documents referred by document examiners, fingerprint documents, place of crimes, chance prints, place of accidents etc

Various types of Questioned documents received in Handwriting Bureau for examination as follows:

1. Questioned Signatures
2. Questioned writing
3. Fraudulent alterations
4. Genuine documents erroneously or fraudulently altered
5. Anonymous letters for their authorship
6. Authorship of Superscriptions
7. Sequence of Strokes
8. Mechanical and chemical erasures
9. Identification of Typewriting, Printed material
10. Ascertaining genuineness, of Rubber Stamp impressions
11. Threatening letters, Suicide notes, Chits found at Scene of Crime

Examiner of documents gives evidence in court of law to assist the H’ble Court in the case.Photography bureau CID, M.S., Photographs taken in the following cases:

1. Document cases from handwriting bureau
2. Document cases from fingerprint bureau
3. Chance prints
4. M.O.B. Criminal

Anti Corruption Bureau, M.S., Mumbai

The Maharashtra State Anti Corruption Bureau was constituted under the Govt. of Maharashtra, Home Department Resolution No.ACB-1857/C-3019-V, dated 26th November, 1957 with a view to eradicate the evil of bribery and corruption in the State.

Director General of DGP rank is the head of Anti Corruption Bureau. Under his control, there are 2 Addl.D.G., 1 Addl.CP/DIG, 7 DCPs/SPs, 5

Dy. Directors, 16 Addl. Dy. Commissioners/Addl. SPs, 95 Dy. SPs, 169 PIs, 1 Legal Adviser, 8 Law Officer, 1122 Police Personnel and ministerial staff. Thus in all, post of 1427 officers/men are sanctioned for Anti Corruption Bureau. It includes 228 posts sanctioned vide H. D. G. R. No. APO-3110/C.R. 428/POL-3, Dtd. 15.06.2011.

The main function of the Bureau is to institute enquiries relating to bribery, corruption, criminal misconduct, Embezzlement of Govt. money and other venial practices by public servants.

Forensic Science Laboratories

Forensic Science Laboratories (FSL) are multi disciplinary institutions doing highly specialised and sophisticated analytical work. The prime role of FSL is to provide unbiased scientific evidence to investing agencies and in turn to the judiciary system. The institute provides scientific analytical reports in various crime cases under different laws like IPC, Cr. P.C., Arms Act; N.D.P.S. Act, Explosive Act, E.C.Act and so on.

Established in 1958 as a small laboratory in a small place and with handful of workers, Maharashtra FSL has emerged into a big ‘Directorate’ having headquartered at Santacruz, Kalina, Mumbai and Seven regional Forensic Science laboratories (RFSLs) at Nagpur (Estd. 1966) Pune(Estd. 1979), Aurangabad (Estd. 1981) Nashik(Estd. 2004), Amaravati (Est.2008) Nanded (Estd.2015) and Kolhapur (Estd.2016) and 5 mini laboratories at Ratnagiri (2019), Dhule(2019), Chandrapur(2019), solapur(2020) and Thane(2020) with 1463 total staff strength.

A visit of Forensic expert to the crime scene and guidance for collecting the proper samples from the site is very helpful for further investigation. Such help is made available in all districts of the State. To cater such services at present nine mobile forensic laboratories (MFU) are established in the State. Twelve more laboratories are proposed. The nine laboratories have been established under 11th Finance Commission. The Government of Maharashtra proposed to start forty five new mobile forensic support units under the control of Director General of Police which will help the Investigating agency in collecting packing and forwarding of proper clue material. The experts from forensic science laboratories will be made available to these new mobile forensic support units.

This directorate has hosted All India Forensic Science Conference at Mumbai in 2003 and at Aurangabad in December 2010. About 350 forensic scientists from all over country had attended the conference.

Funds sanctioned under Modernisation of Police, by Ministry of Home Affairs, New Delhi are utilized for modernisation of the building, lecture hall, library, technology, mobility etc. Renovation of FSL building at Mumbai was successfully completed and the work of new extension building is completed. Constructions of a full fledged firing gallery, ultra modern training centre have been also completed.

FSL Mumbai services are utilised by Central agencies like Narcotic Control Bureau, Directorate of Revenue Intelligence, and Customs etc. The scientists of this laboratory give invited lectures at National level workshops, seminars, conferences etc. FSL Mumbai has expertise in major core disciplines and hence the scientists are technical members of National Manual preparation Committee of Toxicology, Biology, Petroleum Products, Chemistry, Explosives, and Narcotics.

Maharashtra FSL is having latest analytical instruments and technologies for analysis of various types of exhibits involved in different crimes. The staff is regularly trained at National Level Institutes to upgrade technical knowledge.